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Find the standard you need to understand.

Each page explains, in plain words, what the standard is, whether it applies to you, what you have to write down, who checks it and who can help.

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How to use this section

If a customer, auditor, insurer or contract gave you a name, start with the eight below or search any page for it. If you only know your industry, open the family it belongs to. If you do not know which rules apply at all, start from your business type instead; the obligations index names the standards for you.

The standards people ask about most.

Eight names that come up in almost every contract, audit or customer questionnaire. Each explainer says what the standard is, who has to follow it, what you must write down, and who checks it.

SOC 2

A report from a CPA firm on how a company protects customer data. Customers ask for it before they sign; there is no certificate, only the report.

Checked by: A licensed CPA firm (independent certified public accountants) performing the examination…
ISO 27001

The international standard for running information security as a managed system. An accredited registrar certifies it; consultants help you build it.

Checked by: An accredited certification body (registrar) operating under ISO/IEC 17021-1 and ISO/IEC…
HIPAA

US rules for protecting patient health information. There is no certification; the Office for Civil Rights checks your policies and records after a complaint or breach.

Checked by: Government enforcement only. OCR investigates complaints and breach reports, conducts…
ISO 9001

The quality management standard customers most often ask suppliers for, in any industry. Certification is optional; if you want it, an accredited registrar audits you and issues a three-year certificate.

Checked by: Accredited certification body (registrar) accredited to ISO/IEC 17021-1 for quality…
PCI DSS

The card brands' security rules for anyone who takes card payments. Small merchants self-assess; larger ones use a qualified assessor.

Checked by: A PCI SSC qualified Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) company with certified QSA…
CMMC/NIST 800-171

The Department of Defense's cybersecurity requirement for contractors that handle controlled information. Assessed by accredited third parties from late 2026.

Checked by: Level 1 and Level 2 (self): the organization's own assessment with senior official…
OSHA written programs

The safety plans US employers must keep in writing, such as hazard communication and emergency action. Inspectors ask for the document and the training records.

Checked by: OSHA compliance safety and health officers, or State Plan inspectors (government…
GDPR

The European Union's data protection law. It applies to any business that handles EU residents' data, wherever the business sits.

Checked by: No mandatory assessor. Supervisory authorities (for example CNIL, the Irish DPC, the…

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About this data

Pages on this site are compiled by AllyMatter and checked against one or more sources, two or more where available. Each record shows its stage and date. Nothing here is legal, audit or tax advice, and policyandcompliance.com and AllyMatter, Inc. accept no responsibility for errors or for decisions made on it. Read the source, then decide.
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